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Polish sailing navy

Page history last edited by PBworks 15 years, 2 months ago

Polish sailing navy

 

Kazimierz IV Jagiellonczyk (1447-1492)

 

First effort to organize a navy based on privateers took place during The Thirteen Years War against the German Teutonic Order. Ships were armed by cities of Gdansk, later of Elblag and Frombork, Braniewo. During the first year of their activity from mid of 1455 they probably operated without King's patent.

 

DateEventsSources
1455-mid of year First ships armed by Gdansk
1455-June 6 Netherlands merchant ship arrested
1455 Elblag armed ships mainly for inland waters
1455-July 55 ships of Gdansk operated along Danish coasts.Few others near Baugai. Some of their captains: Hans Bornholm, Vincent Stolle, Michael Ertman, Hans Modesson
1456-Apr-4th Squadron commanded by Markward Knake went to Bay of Vistula to operate near Pregola river estuary and Baugai Strait to blockade Koenigsberg

 

 

Zygmunt I Stary (1506-1548)

 

DateEventsSources
1517Privateer's squadron established to fight with the Moscovite shipping. Main ship types: cog, hulk, little pink

 

Captains of privateers: Adrian Flint (CinC), Jakub Flint(CinC), Łukasz Jekell, Krzysztof Sasse, Piotr Wichman, Jan Henski, Jan Resin, Jan Oweram, Wawrzyniec Kutenbach, Joachim Bonsak, Jasper Schilling, Bartuner

 

Zygmunt II August (1529-1572)

 

DateEventsSources
1557Proposals presented by the Duke of Prussia Albrecht von Hohenzollern to Polish king:I. confiscate ships present at Gdansk and select 12 the best for arming with financial compensation to owners. Establish privateers' squadron after call at Gdansk, Elblag and Prussia. Forces could be supported by two Ducal ships.

II. 12 ships confiscated or hired at Gdansk including: 1 flagship (200 lasts), 2 large caravels (150 lasts), 3 yachts, 2-80 lasts ships, 2 smaller ships. Some armed with 30 guns. 2 Prussian ships additonally with 3 more in plans.Plans abandoned with the end of the Inflant War

1563-1570Privateers fleet used in the Inflant War
156730 ships employed; captains were: Mateusz Scharping, Rudolf Alhorn, Marcin Bibrant, Józef Heltbark, Jan Rotermundt, Otto Nanynckes, Asmus Genrich (Generich, Jendrych), Jan Nerker, Thomas von Emden, Michał Starosta, Werkmeister, Jerzy Kerkhorner, Kasper Munckebeck, Wolfgang Munckebeck, Jakub Mole, Jenrick, Otto Maming, Jan Clausen, Paweł Glasau, Marcin Schele
1567A convoy from Dieppe to Narva taken over
1568battle of Reval: 12 Polish privateers vs. 17 Swedish ships
1568Maritime Commission established
1569battle of Narva:Polish privateers vs Danish squadron
1570battle of Puck: Polish privateers vs Danish squadron

 

 

Fleet List

 

Privateers

 

NameTypeGunsStartEndNote
Gryf
Lew
Słowik
Żelazny Książę

 

Royal Navy

 

NameTypeGunsStartEndNote
Smokgaleon40(1571)
unnamed

 

 

Henryk Walezy (1573-1574)

 

Henry of Valois was elected king of Poland for some promises including establishment of the Polish Navy. King abdicated and plans failed

 

Stefan Batory (1574-1586)

 

DateEventsSources
1576First privateers squadron establised to fight with rebelled Gdansk
1577-february3 ships
1577-summer9 ships commanded by: Walter Noremberg, Wacław Ruchel, Jan z Grabin, Jan Nikiel, Tomasz Willer, Albert Gregiel, Grzegorz Hedes, Joachim Zondel, Jan Laissen
1577Mikołaj Firlej ordered to establish regular navy composed of 10 ships. 6 ships were armed in fact (240-400 ts):one from Elblag, other confiscated at Elblag. Galeon Smok started refit.

 

Zygmunt III Waza (1587-1632)

 

DateEventsSources
1593King possesed 2 squadrons-Finnish and Polish. Polish squadron was composed of 28 ship
15971 galeon, 4 pinks,1 armed Scottish merchant ship
1599-may9 ships
1599-August12 ships and privateers squadron including 2 galeons, reinforced in 1604, since 1606 incorporated into the Polish Navy. Privateers captains were: Gerard Hain, Jakub Koenig, Joachim Kauffman
1600Flagship lost, 7 more interned ad disarmed at Lubeck
1605-1613small ships built at Gdansk
1605-16062 pinks and 5 small ships built at Gdansk
1604Inflant Squadron reinforced by Swedish prizes and ships purchased from Dutch and English merchants. 10 Dutch ships planned to be chartered
1608Inflant Squadron established by Jan Karol Chodkiewicz: some English and Dutch merchant ships recquisitioned, some seagoing sailing boats armed as well

 

Fleet List

 

Namein PolishName in DocumentsTypeGunsStartEndNote
Łabędź1593
Niedźwiedź1593
Fortuna1593
Tetys1593
Dorys1593
Wilk1593
Orzeł Biały1597/98
Angielski Smok1597/98
Admirał1599
Fortuna1599
Słowik1599
Panna Wodna1599
Czerwony Lew1599
Jonasz1599
Czarny Orzeł1599
Anioł1599
Latarnia1599
Żubr1599
Święty Eryk1599
Żółty Lewpink1216221628
Król DawidKönig David galleon3116231630
WodnikMeermanngalleon1816231632
Panna WodnaMeerweibpink1216231632
Arka NoegoArche Noepink2216251632
Biały Lewfluit8162.1627
Walentygalleon2216261626
Wielbłądgalleon1216261626
Czarny Krukfluit1616261628
FeniksPhoenixfluit1416261632
Latający JeleńFliegender Hirschgalleon2016261627
Nadziejagalleon1816261626
PłomieńFeuerblasefluit1816261627
Powitaniegalleon1816261626
Święty JerzyRitter St. Georggalleon3116261628
TygrysTigergalleon2516271632
DelfinDelphinkrayer1216281632
Bialy PiesWeisser Hundpinnace7?1632
Święty JakubHeiliger Jakub

 

 

Privateers

 

NameTypeGunsStartEndNote
Uroxcapt.Jan Luneke

 

Władysław IV Waza (1632-1648)

 

DateEventsSources
1634-DecemberPlans announced in Lwów by the king Władysław to establish a fleet of 12 ships
1635-JanuaryFirst two ships transferred by Georg Hewel. 25 ships total planned
1635-MarchKomisja Okrętów Królewskich (Royal Ships' Commission) established. Gerard Denhoff nominated the High Commissioner - Supremus admiralititis commissarius; C-in-C adm. Aleksander Seton
spring-1635more ships transferred by Georg Hewel, except one of other origin
16351500 cossacks on chaykas used against Pillau
late 1635all ship acquired by the King for 379,500 (320,000?) florens
1636ships partially disarmed and used for trading. Managed for the King by G.Hewel
1637some of the ships armed again?, custom duty, 12 ships in the squadron
October-1640G. Hewel died, ships put on sale
1641last ships sold out in Amsterdam

 

The High Admiralty Commissioner - Gerhard Denhoff (1589-1648) 1653-?

Admiral - vacant

Vice-admiral - Alexander Seton

Rear-admiral - Henryk Wolbryg

 

Fleet List

 

NameName in DocumentsTypeGunsStartEndNote
Czarny OrzełSchwarzer Adlergaleon2416351635
Nowy Czarny OrzełNeuer Schwarzer Adlergaleon2416351641
Prorok SamuelProphet Samuelgaleon2416351641
Wielkie Słońce

Słońce

Grosse Sonne

Sonne

galeon2816351641?
MiłosierdzieCharitasfluyt2016351640
Biały OrzełWeisser Adlerfluit2016351635
GwiazdaSternfluit2016351639
Strzelec

Myśliwiec

Jaegerfluit2016351640/41
Święty Piotr

Fortuna

Sankt Peter

Fortuna

pink1216351639 or 1643
Mały Biały OrzełKleiner Weisser Adlerpinnace41635c.1636
unknownunknowngalley1635c.1636

 

 

Jan II Kazimierz

 

DateEventsSources
1650sPlans of an unknown author to establish navy composed of Royal and dependencies ships: 8 Polish, 6 Prussian, 2 Kurland, 2 Gdansk, 1 Toruń, 1 Elbląg
1650ssome number of privateers fitted to sea by Gdansk

 

Jan III Sobieski

 

 

August II Mocny (1696-1706,1709-1733)

 

DateEventsSources
1700-1702First effort to establish privateers fleet; 15 ships operated including 2 ships from Dunkirk, one from Demnark, 4 ships purchased by the king at Lubeck in november 1700
1713Second effort to establish privateers fleet
1716Russian pressures to set Polish-allied forces of 5 frigates, later reduced to 3 ships

 

 

Fleet List

 

NameTypeGunsStartEndNote
unknownsmall frigate(1716)launched;never completed
unknownsmall frigate(1716)launched;never completed
unknownsmall frigate(1716)never launched
unknownsmall frigate(1716)never launched
unknownsmall frigate--cancelled

 

 

Privateers

 

NameTypeGunsStartEndNote
Postillonfrigate1700
Zielony Smokgaljot1713

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